What is the first state-chartered university in the United States, founded in 1785?

• A. University of Georgia
• B. Mercer University
• C. Georgia Tech
• D. Emory University

Answer: (A)

Public universities arise when a state government grants a charter to create an institution of higher learning. The University of Georgia was chartered by the Georgia General Assembly in 1785, which is why it’s recognized as the first state-chartered university in the United States. That state authorization at its founding sets it apart from the other options. Mercer University and Emory University are private institutions founded later in the 19th century, while Georgia Tech began in 1885 as a public technical school. Because the defining factor here is a 1785 state charter, the University of Georgia is the correct identification.